salmonella typhi salmonella paratyphi A salmonella paratyphi B salmonella paratyphi C

typhoid fever

- generalized infection of reticuloendithelial system and intestinal lymphoid tissue accompanied by sustain fever and bacteraemia

- the typhoid tend to be severe while the paratyhphoid tend to be milder

- globally,the typhoid is more common than paratyphoid

- huma are the only erservoir either the patient or carrier
-transmitted through faecally contaminated food and water or person-to person contact

- the organism adhere to the mucosa of smalli netstine, then invades to the submucosl layer

- then invasion of macrophages

- then transported to lypmhatics and mesenteric lymph glands

- it disseminates to the blood stream

- phase of bacteraemia ( first week)

- at the same time uptake of the organism to liver and spleen take place where replication inside macrophages occur

- then transported to gall bladder to be excreted with bile into intestine

- ip is 10-14 days

- onset with fever malaise and headache is slow and insidious and vague

- complication is relapse, perforation of the bowel, haemoorhage from th ebowel